Basic Hydraulic Circuit.

Don't Click Here: The basic hydraulic circuit, is a miniature of all the essential components which constitutes a hydraulic circuit, this gives a basic idea of how a hydraulic circuit works. 

The main components of a basic hydraulic circuit are:

(as mentioned the fig: 1)--Technical Videos--

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1. Hydraulic tank: The reservoir in which the fluid or hydraulic oil is stored.
2. Hydraulic pump: the function of this unit is to pump the oil(fluid).
3. Relief valve: this valve as you can see is located between the hydraulic pump and the valve block, the function of it is to safe guard the hydraulic pump from getting damaged due to excess back pressure.
4. Valve block: this is the control unit which controls the direction of flow of fluid.
5. Hydraulic ram: this is hydraulically operated ram which produces the work due to the hydraulic pressure in it.
6. Return line filter: the oil flowing back to the hydraulic tank is filtered by this unit as it may be contaminated during the path of its flow through the whole unit.

Fig:1, Basic Hydraulic Circuit.

Working of a basic hydraulic circuit:Don't Click Here:

As show in the fig: 1, the oil from the hydraulic tank is sucked by the hydraulic pump and is delivered to the valve block. As per the demand (as we move the control lever of the valve block) the internal ports of the valve block matched and the oil is delivered to the concerned rams, the return oil coming from the ram is delivered back to the hydraulic tank through the return line filter.

But during the whole process if a back pressure is created,the oil will pressurize back to the hydraulic pump and there by damaging it. To avoid this and there by safe guard the hydraulic pump we have relief valve. The function of the relied valve is to relief the back pressure (redirect the flow)and safe guard the pump by avoiding it to the reach the pump. (the relief valve will be set at a particular pressure rating below to which the pump can hold,so when such a pressure reaches the relief valve, it opens and releases the oil back to the tank to protecting the pump.)--Technical Videos--